Ebola virus disease evd, or simply ebola, is a viral haemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses. To provide updated guidance for management and evaluation of routine clinical specimens for differential testing and diagnoses other than evd. Biosafety guidelines for laboratories handling specimens. Study assesses safety considerations in the lab testing of ebola virus specimens countries all over the world now recognize the ebola virus disease as a threat. Guideline for laboratory staff on specimen collection. Furthermore, the installations should have a sink with water supply, a refrigerator and a water bath or heating block for the inactivation of the sample by heat. Proper use of a certified class i or class ii biosafety cabinet and. National guidelines on laboratory biosafety should be followed under all circumstances. Level 1 bsl1 indicates the most innocuous and benign of organisms.
The generator, water supplying unit and incineration units are located outside the building. Who laboratory biosafety manual having served for global biosafety community hereinafter, who manual for more than 20 30 years, since it was first published in 1983, the laboratory biosafety manual has provided practical guidance on biosafety techniques for use in laboratories at all levels. Despite high standards of protection in these laboratories, laboratory workers are still at risk of contracting ebola hemorrhagic fever, in particular during animal experimentation. Developed as a quick response asset to unusual outbreaks of infectious diseases worldwide, several of these laboratories have been used as part of the world health organization response to the ebola virus outbreaks by teams of the european mobile lab project. Inside a highsecurity ebola isolation chamber youtube. Pdf biosafety level2 laboratory diagnosis of zaire ebola virus. To provide guidance on how hospitals and offcampus emergency departments in new york state can safely perform the laboratory testing necessary for the management of personsunder. The west africa outbreak of ebola virus disease evd 2014 2016 was unprecedented in terms of its impact not only in guinea, sierra leone and liberia but also internationally. A laboratory acquired infection is known or suspected, or b.
Good laboratory practices guarantee biosafety in the sierra. Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever, sore throat, muscular pain, and headaches. Laboratory guidelines research institute for tropical. Ebola virus, marburg virus, viral hemorrhagic fever, filovirus, biocontainment, quarantine, isolation, biosafety, laboratory exposure, synopsis recent interest and increased investment in biodefense research have resulted in construction of new research laboratories with biosafety level 4 bsl4 capability 1. For this new edition, therefore, the manual has been. It is also known as ebola virus disease evd and ebola hemorrhagic fever. Eurosurveillance mobile diagnostics in outbreak response. Existing biosafety guidelines and biosecurity policies do not. Cdc in atlanta, georgia two labs are located there center for biodefense and emerging infectious diseases university of texas medical branch in galveston. The 2014 west african ebola outbreak has spawned a chain of preparedness planning in the united states u. Implementation of a mentored professional development programme in laboratory leadership and management in the middle east and north africa. Laboratory response to ebola west africa and united states. The cbsg was developed to update and harmonize three existing canadian biosafety standards and guidelines for the design, construction, and operation of facilities in which.
Cdc finds lapses in latest lab mishap with ebola virus. Formerly known as ebola hemorrhagic fever, the viral outbreak in west africa has caused the world health organization who to declare a public health emergency of international concern. Who laboratory biosafety manual training of trainers course in biorisk management brm infectious substances shipment training isst film demonstrating safe practices in different laboratory settings. Safety considerations in the laboratory testing of specimens. When you have completed this lesson, you will be able to identify characteristics of the four biological safety levels. Laboratory diagnosis laboratory results should be communicated to who as quickly as possible, in addition to international health regulations ihr reporting. At the end of the outbreak, laboratories associated with the two european. Laboratory biosecurity concepts are introduced, and the latest regulations for the transport of infectious substances are reflected. Laboratory and other healthcare personnel handling and testing routine clinical specimens when concern about ebola virus disease evd has been raised by a physician. Its important to understand what the various biosafety levels mean and represent. Through the cooperative agreement, domestic laboratory biosafety for ebola and other highly infectious diseases, aphl is working closely with cdc to strengthen biosafety and biosecurity in the nations laboratories by providing.
Laboratory guidance for the diagnosis of ebola virus disease. This was the sole diagnostic capacity available to respond to the overwhelming demand for ebola diagnosis for several weeks in the western area of. Author summary in response to ebola virus disease outbreak in west africa, the national institute for communicable diseases in south africa established a modular high biosafety field ebola diagnostic laboratory fedl near freetown, sierra leone. Jun 23, 2016 the outbreak of ebola virus disease evd in west africa between 2014 and 2015 was the largest edv epidemic since the identification of ebola virus ebov in 1976, and the countries most strongly affected were sierra leone, guinea, and liberia. For these reasons, experiments with ebola virus have to be performed in biosafety level bsl4 laboratories.
We established a modular, rapidly deployable laboratory system that provides diagnostic support in resourcelimited, remote areas. Rapid deployment of a mobile biosafety level3 laboratory. The third edition of the who laboratory biosafety manual is a helpful reference and guide to nations that accept the challenge to develop and establish national codes of practice for securing microbiological assets, yet ensuring their availability for clinical, research and epidemiological purposes. Safety measures in the lab testing of ebola virus specimens. Sep 03, 2014 a view of the ebola outbreak effective response to emerging infectious disease outbreaks. Jun 27, 2016 its important to understand what the various biosafety levels mean and represent. Biosafety level2 laboratory diagnosis of zaire ebola virus disease. Receive training in standard microbiological techniques. Guidelines for laboratory facility certification part ii. Who laboratory biosafety manual lbm revision update. To provide guidance for laboratory workers on collecting, transporting and submitting specimens for ebola virus testing.
Harmonization of biosafety and biosecurity standards for high. One of the pillars in the emergency response to the 20142016 ebola virus. Managing potential laboratory exposure to ebola virus by. For early detection of ebola virus in suspect or probable cases, detection of viral rna or viral antigen are the recommended tests.
Guidelines for laboratory facility commissioning 8. Laboratory diagnosis of ebola virus disease eng world health. Four laboratories followed the who algorithm and five followed national guidelines. In particular for biosafety level 4 bsl4 investigation, guidelines for. We describe the organisation of the three laboratories, the biosafety aspects, the.
Graduatelevel genomics education programs diagnostic. Who laboratory biosafety manual updates absa conference. Cdc finds lapses in latest lab mishap with ebola virus cdc reports on the findings of its investigation into a december 2014 laboratory mistake that potentially exposed a worker to live ebola. Who has developed several tools and training courses in biosafety and biosecurity. Although the risk of an ebola outbreak in the united states is very low, the centers for disease control and prevention cdc, the iowa department of public health, and their partners are taking precautions to.
Sierra leone, ebola virus and containment of biohazards researchgate, the. In august 2014, the national institute for communicable diseases nicd in south africa established a modular highbiosafety field ebola diagnostic laboratory sa fedl near freetown. Refer to the who laboratory biosafety manual 3rd editionii for appropriate biosafety practices. Although clinical and public health laboratories are hard at work preparing for the pr. It is recommended that countries without appropriate biosafety capacity to perform a laboratory diagnosis. Recognizing the biosafety levels for cne this quick learn lesson will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Template for public health laboratory risk assessment for. The sierra leonechina friendship biological safety laboratory slechn biosafety lab, a fixed biosafety level 3 laboratory in the capital city of.
Laboratory handling of the ebola hemorrhagic fever virus. Ebola virus from one of cdcs high containment biosafety level 4 bsl4. Testing algorithm for florida laboratories using biofire. Who europe supports biosafety and biosecurity in the region by providing training. Report on the potential exposure to ebola virus cdc.
Whole blood in edta a minimum volume of 4ml, collected in plastic tubes from live patients. Although the risk of an ebola outbreak in the united states is very low, the centers for disease control and prevention cdc, the iowa department of public health, and their partners are taking precautions to prevent this from happening. Biosafety during the 2014 west african ebola outbreak, sierra leone john klena microbiologist, viral special pathogens branch, cdcatlanta biosafety global stakeholders meeting 2015 september 23. The sierra leonechina friendship biological safety laboratory slechn biosafety lab, a fixed biosafety level 3 laboratory in the capital city of sierra leone, was established by the chinese government and has been active in ebov detection since 11 march 2015. Rapid deployment of a mobile biosafety level3 laboratory in sierra leone during the 2014 ebola virus epidemic article pdf available in plos neglected tropical. Why does ebola require such different safety precautions in a. Who laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and spermcervical mucus interaction. This template is designed to assist laboratories in the development of their risk assessment for ebola virus disease evd. The outbreak of ebola virus disease evd in west africa between 2014 and 2015 was the largest edv epidemic since the identification of ebola virus ebov in 1976, and the countries most strongly affected were sierra leone, guinea, and liberia. An extended biosafety advisory group bag meeting was held in geneva from 2426 november 2014 for agenda, see annex 1. Template for public health laboratory risk assessment for ebola virus disease evd testing.
Good laboratory practices guarantee biosafety in the sierra leone. A laboratory space near or adjacent to the suspected or confirmed evd patient room equipped with point of care poc testing systems. Pdf south african ebola diagnostic response in sierra leone. Who guidance for collaboration and partnership highlighted. Aslm ebola resource centre to learn more about joining the african public health laboratories network listserv, please click here for more information. On 20 july 2014, a traveler arrived from liberia at. Nysnyc guidance for laboratory testing and management of personsunderinvestigation, for ebola virus disease evd in nondesignated hospitals purpose.
The second edition of the cbs updates the biosafety standard originally published as part i of the canadian biosafety standards and guidelines cbsg, 1 st edition, 20. Laboratory biosafety manual this manual provides practical guidance on biosafety techniques for use in laboratories at all levels. For this new edition, the manual has been extensively revised and expanded. The manual now covers risk assessment and safe use of recombinant dna technology, and provides guidelines for the comissioning and cetification of laboratories. Neither an approved treatment nor a postexposure prophylaxis pep exists for ebola hemorrhagic fever.
Why does ebola require such different safety precautions. A needlestick injury occurred during an animal experiment in the biosafety level 4 laboratory in hamburg, germany, in march 2009. The air flow in bsl2 laboratory is also monitored in the central control room. Oral swabs stored in a universal transport medium, collected from deceased. Interim guidance for specimen collection, transport, testing, and submission for persons under investigation puis for ebola virus disease evd in the united states. Good laboratory practices guarantee biosafety in the. Ebola, previously known as ebola hemorrhagic fever. Outbreak supplies containment and biosafety ebola diagnostics preoutbreak preparedness 3000bp. Mobile diagnostics in outbreak response, not only for ebola. Currently, seven operational labs in the united states are designated bsl4 and can therefore do ebola research. Rapid deployment of a mobile biosafety level3 laboratory in sierra. It is recommended that the following specimens be collected for the diagnosis of evd. It covers risk assessment and safe use of recombinant dna technology, and provides guidelines for the commissioning and certification of laboratories. The manual encouraged countries to accept and implement basic concepts in biological safety and to.
Laboratory guidelines research institute for tropical medicine. The maximum containment laboratory biosafety level 4 6. South african ebola diagnostic response in sierra leone. Biosafety level 4 bsl4 is the highest level of biosafety precautions, and is appropriate for work with agents that could easily be aerosoltransmitted within the laboratory and cause severe to fatal disease in humans for which there are no available vaccines or treatments. Laboratories need leaders who can effectively utilize the laboratories resources, maximize the laboratoriescapacity to detect disease, and advocate for laboratories in a fluctuating health care. The 2014 ebola zaire epidemic is the largest the world has ever seen and has crossed us borders causing widespread concern and declaration of a public health emergency. Ebola environmental health and safety iowa state university. The laboratory community has been actively engaged in responding to testing and biosafety concerns.
Who laboratory manual for the examination and processing. Biosafety level2 laboratory diagnosis of zaire ebola virus disease imported from liberia to. Biosafety during the 2014 west african ebola outbreak, sierra leone john klena microbiologist, viral special pathogens branch, cdcatlanta biosafety global stakeholders meeting 2015 september 2324, 2015 emory conference center, atlanta, ga, usa. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc and partners are taking precautions to prevent the spread of ebola. On 20 july 2014, a traveler arrived from liberia at lagos. It all starts in the acceptance of correct, adequate and quality specimens brought to the laboratory. Management of accidental exposure to ebola virus in the. Laboratory guidance on ebola medscape aug 29, 2014. The current ebola virus disease evd outbreak is the largest since its discovery in 1976. Safe laboratory techniques biosafety and recombinant dna technology. The syringe contained zaire ebolavirus zebov mixed with freunds adjuvant. These pathogen safety data sheets, regulated under workplace hazardous materials information system whmis legislation, are produced for personnel working in the life sciences as quick safety reference material relating to infectious microorganisms. Manual on collection, storage, and transport of specimens for tb testing producing reliable test results does not rely solely on the right performance of the stepbystep procedures of the test itself.
For more than 20 years, since it was first published in 1983, the laboratory biosafety manual has provided practical guidance on biosafety techniques for use in laboratories at all levels. Canadian biosafety standard cbs second edition canada. Another thing to appreciate is that using the wrong level of personal protective equipment may actually cause more risks. Laboratory biosafety manual world health organization. Decreases transport distance of infectious evd blood and body fluid. No or low individual and community risk a microorganism that is unlikely to cause human or animal disease. Laboratory biosafety for handling emerging viruses. Guidance for collection, transport and submission of. Who laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen 5th ed.
Clinical laboratory testing of clinical specimens when ebola virus disease is a concern. The 2014 ebola epidemic is the largest in history, affecting multiple countries. Who laboratory biosafety manual, 3rd edition risk group 1 agents that are not associated with disease in healthy adult humans. Biosafety guidelines for laboratories handling specimens from. On december 23, 2014, scientist 2 entered the bsl4 laboratory and.
Through dls work with other cdc programs, federal and state agencies, professional societies, and international organizations, the division supports the development and adoption of standards, guidelines, recommendations, and tools for improved quality and safety in clinical and public health laboratories. The sierra leonechina friendship biological safety laboratory. Who laboratory biosafety manual training of trainers course in biorisk management brm infectious substances shipment training isst. Biosafety level2 laboratory diagnosis of zaire ebola virus disease imported. A spill of any quantity involving an agent infectious to humans, plants, or animals occurs in a public area. Whoeurope organized brm training in tajikistan 20 and turkmenistan 2014. The slechn biosafety lab fully meets the biosafety level 3 laboratory standards of the world health organization fig. This satellite lab is dedicated for evd patient care in close proximity to patient room. Status, quality and specific needs of ebola virus diagnostic capacity. Risk group 2 agents that are associated with human disease which is rarely serious and for which preventive or. Good microbiological technique and appropriate use of biosafety equipment by well trained staff remain the fundamental elements of laboratory biosafety. Who contributed with other participants to establish a common understanding of how existing mechanisms such as the international health regulations ihr, 2005, unscr 1540 and the bwc complement each other and why partnerships and collaboration for biosecurity and biosafety are a necessity for progress in biosafety and biosecurity.
Biosafety guidelines for laboratories handling specimens from patients under investigation for ebola virus disease this document is intended to support local risk assessments, specifically for a diagnostic laboratory setting. Jan 01, 2015 in addition, clinical laboratories that do have the facilities to perform biosafety level 3 bsl3 practices to include processing within a biosafety cabinet, centrifugation using safety cups or sealed rotors, and enhanced ppe to include respiratory protection are generally available only to the clinical microbiology laboratory and specific. Virus disease received by cdc united states, july 9november 15, 2014. The 2014 2016 ebola virus disease ebola epidemic in west africa highlighted the need to maintain organized laboratory systems or networks that can be effectively reorganized to implement new diagnostic strategies and laboratory services in response to largescale events. Until last week, the assays that have received emergency use. The recent 2014 ebola outbreak emphasizes the need for a wider knowledge of the mechanisms of transmission, risk of exposure and preventive measures for these viruses. Biosafety level refers to the stringency of biocontainment precautions deemed necessary by the centers for disease control and prevention cdc for laboratory work with infectious materials. The outbreak of ebola virus disease evd in west africa between 2014 and. The united states is helping to fight the spread of the disease in west africa and also providing care for those infected, including patients brought to the united states for treatment.
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